Profiling prefrontal cortex protein expression in rats exhibiting an incubation of copyright craving following short-access self-administration procedures

IntroductionIncubation of drug-craving refers to a time-dependent increase in drug cue-elicited craving that occurs during protracted withdrawal.Historically, rat models of incubated copyright craving employed extended-access (typically 6 h/day) intravenous drug self-administration (IV-SA) procedures, although incubated copyright craving is reporte

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Reversely immortalized mouse salivary gland cells presented a promising metabolic and fibrotic response upon BMP9/Gdf2 stimulation

Abstract The submandibular gland (SMG) and the sublingual gland (SLG) are two of the three major salivary glands in mammals.In mice, they are adjacent to each other and open into the oral cavity, producing saliva to lubricate the mouth and aid in food digestion.Though salivary gland dysfunction accompanied with fibrosis and metabolic disturbance is

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